Effective treatment of joints, synovitis, arthritis and osteoarthritis

The pain in the joints complicates not only life, but, as a rule, indicates dangerous inflammatory and destructive processes which gradually limit movements, and if the treatment or its absence is not in irreversible deformation and handicap.

Arthrosis is the second largest cause of disability after cardiovascular disease.At the same time, arthritis and osteoarthritis are very often struck by the population who still works, that is to say that people become disabled-or they are forced to constantly overcome pain to earn a living.

So why do joint pain occur and what are the methods available for Russians today, which will not only temporarily relieve pain, but will eliminate inflammation and stop the destruction of the joint?

Arthritis and osteoarthritis - Differences

Arthritis and osteoarthritis have similar names because these two diseases affect the joints.They differ in the nature of changes in the joints.

HASarthritisPain is associated with inflammation of the joint tissue.In this disease, a synovial shell suffers, in which blood and lymphatic vessels, nerve endings are concentrated.Consequently, this affects both the consumption of the joint and the production of joint lubrication (synovial fluid), which nourishes cartilage.

Arthritis can developAt any ageIncluding in children and adolescents (juvenile arthritis).In addition, the disease can be affectedAlmost all joints, including small (finger arthritis), and several joint lesions can also be observed -polyarthritis.

Long existing arthritis leads to osteoarthritis, since the joint, in particular, the cartilage fabric suffers for a long time from food for food, which comes from the synovial fluid.It is important not to "extinguish" inflammatory reactions with anti-inflammatory drugs, namelyFight the cause of inflammation, for example, with the help of funding.

HASosteoarthritisFirst of all, observedDestruction of cartilage, covering the surface of the bone (and with a neglected process - and the bone tissue itself).The cartilage stops facing the charge that appears on him, and he begins to collapse faster than he manages to recover.The cartilage fabric is softened, the normal shift in joint surfaces is disturbed, all movements are accompanied by pain.

Osteoarthritis appears more oftenAfter 40 years.The lesion of large joints, such as knees (gonartrose) and hip joints (coksartrose), is more common and is the cause of invalidity and invalidity.Less common occurs osteoarthrosis of the fingers, thumb osteoarthritis, temporomandibular joint, shoulder damage, elbow joint, etc.

Symptoms and signs

Arthritis symptoms::

• synovitis, that is to say swelling, sensitivity or increased pain during touch, limiting the mobility of the joint;
• Acute and painful pain, both in motion and at rest;
• Matinal stiffness, due to the fact that edema develops in joint time in joint time.It takes 40 to 60 minutes after the start of the movement.

With arthritis, general characteristics characteristic of inflammation can also be observed: fever, chills, perspiration, general weakness.It can manifest itself by headache, weight loss.Symptoms of the disease are also observed, which caused inflammation: damage to the heart suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, lungs and other organs with tuberculosis, etc.

Osteoarthritis::

• The pain that occurs in diurnal physical effort, not at rest.For example, pain in the knee and hip joint when you walk, the race, the squats, the stairs, etc.Then, in motion, the pain disappears (start -up of pain).There is intense pain in the knee and a crunch when extinction of flexion.
• "Starting pain" in the short term after the rest periods associated with the fact that the joint surfaces on which the detries have settled (the result of the destruction of cartilage and bone tissue) are rubbed.15-20 minutes after the start of the movement, the pain passes, while Detrites is pushed.
• Continuous stupid night pain is more often at the start of the night due to venous stagnation.

Osteoarthritis is often accompanied by inflammatory reactions.Respectively, pain and swelling are observed, as in arthritis, and the disease itself is calledArthroso-arthritis.

With prolonged osteoarthritis, there is often a limitation of mobility due to degenerative changes in the muscles, tendons (so-called contractures) occurjoint deformation.Therefore, the disease is often calleddistorting osteoarthritisOrosteoarthrosis deformation.

Stages and degree of osteoarthritis

There are several stages of osteoarthritis which, as a rule, are recognized by radiological images:

• 1st degree osteoarthrosis - changes in bone and cartilage are weakly expressed, as a rule, when driving computed tomography.Pain and swelling occur after moderate physical activity.The swelling of the joint passes after rest.
• The 2nd degree osteoarthrosis - the cartilaginous tissue begins to collapse, the growth of the bone tissue (osteophytes) appear along the edges of the joint, the joint difference is narrowed, which causes constant pain.Swelling and pain become constant.
• Osteoarthrosis 3-4 degrees extensive of cartilage, as well as deprived of the protection of bone tissue, is observed.There is constant swelling, the work of ligaments, muscle function, which leads to joint deformation, is observed.The axial load in the joint is broken: deformation "o" or "x" in the joints.

Which doctor contact?

If there are suspicions of arthritis or osteoarthritis, you should consult a doctor for the right diagnosis.In a regular clinic, this problem is resolved to a rheumatologist or an orthopedic traumatologist, less often to the surgeon.In major diagnostic centers, you can make an appointment with an arthrologist.He is a specialist directly engaged in joint diseases.

Causes of arthritis and osteoarthritis

The main causes of arthritis:

• Rheumatoid(Sometimes they say an autoimmune rheumatic disease), when the immune cells protective of the body for unknown reasons begin to kill their own body cells, taking them abroad (Rheumatoid arthritis).The nature of this disease is not completely clear.The disease affects women more often (3-5 times, according to various sources).Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (juvenile idiopathic arthritis) is also found - a form of children that occurs in children and adolescents under the age of 16.
• Infectious diseases, in which arthritis symptoms are observed, for example, tuberculosis, brucellosis, borreliosis born to tick, etc.
• Non -infectious disease(psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc.)
• Metabolic disorders, for example, drop.

The main causes of osteoarthritis:

• Injury- The most common reason.
• Congenital dysplasia(violation of joint surfaces of the bones) of the joint (for example, dysplastic coksartrosis).In this case, the joints are excessively mobile, an increased load is liable and the wear is faster.
• Long existing arthritis(Rheumatoid arthritis, joint tuberculosis, etc.).Metabolism violations in synovial fluid lead to insufficient nutrition of cartilage, slowing down the renewal processes of dead cells and causes its destruction.
• Excessive physical activity, in particular, when engaged in professional sports or monotonous production operations.It should be noted that in the seamstresses most often occurs the osteoarthritis of the hand joints, in workers using a picker hammer - elbow and the shoulder joints.In other words, first of all, the cartilage that has experienced the maximum load for a long time suffers.
• Hormonal disorders.In women, this is often associated with menopause.

Whatever the specific cause of arthritis or osteoarthritis, the main problem is the violation of the balance between destruction and restoration processes in joint tissues.

At the cellular level, this means that in the joint:

• accumulateExcess of damaged and dead cellsthat the body does not have time to withdraw;

• not enough new functional cells are formed, which should replace dead cells and ensure the proper functioning of the joint.

The difference in the reactions of the body with arthritis and osteoarthritis is explained by the difference in the tissues of the joints which are affected.

With arthritis, damaged cells prevail in the synovial membrane and synovial fluid, and the inflammation process is launched there.Edema is a bodily reaction necessary to fight against excess of damaged cells in soft tissues.

With osteoarthritis, damaged cells prevail in cartilaginous tissues, where another protective mechanism works: replace functional cells damaged by connective tissue (scars), which is not able to perform amortization functions and does not have the property of elasticity, elasticity.

An excess of damaged cells can occur both due to an injury, hypothermia, etc.In other cases, the accumulation of dead cells, a decrease in the functionality of joint tissue occurs gradually due to daily loads (for example, during sports, heavy or monotonized physical processes), interior, metabolic, hormonal and other processes.In this regard, it is of great importance in the treatment of arthritis and osteoarthritis of risk factors.

Risk factors

All risk factors for arthritis or osteoarthritis are associated with situations where the cell death processes in the articulation begin to prevail over the recovery processes:

• Hypodynamics.A sedentary lifestyle leads to a small microvibrage of muscle fibers, to the development of stagnant processes in the tissues, to an insufficient lymphatic flow and to an hair blood flow, and, therefore, leads to an increase in damage and premature death of healthy joint cells of the joint.
• Overweight.Excess body weight increases the load on the support joints - hip and knee.In addition, the fat layer complicates the flow to the blood joints, which is why the nutrition of the cartilage is disturbed.It should be noted that women more than weight suffer from knee osteoarthritis 4 times more often than their thin counterparts.It is believed that a decrease in body weight by 1 kg reduces the load when walking for each knee or hip joint by 4 kg.
• Vertebral diseases(Osteochondrosis, intervertebral hernia).In the vertebral column, there is a spinal cord through which the nerve pulses pass to the muscles.If the passage of impulses is broken, the muscles do not work harmoniously and insufficiently amortized the blow when it was jumping, lowering the stairs, flowing and walking.Consequently, even with natural daily loads of the joints, the joints of the joints are damaged and die more often.
• Elderly age.Body resources are gradually exhausted.The tissue tower occurs everywhere, including in the joints, at different speeds, depending on the action of harmful factors and genetic predispositions.

Non -infectious infections and diseases in most cases are just a "trigger".Arthritis is generally occurred in the presence of the above risk factors.Those.Inflammation occurs in the context of existing problems - insufficient blood flow, lymphatic flow, stagnation in the joints.Healthy cells, as a rule, effectively protect against infections and other "attacks".Consequently, it is important to treat not only the underlying disease which has given birth to arthritis, but also the joints themselves.

Based on this general understanding, the principles of an effective treatment of the joints follow.

Principles of effective joint treatment

The longer the destruction processes, the more the time of irreversible changes begin.In this regard, it is important as soon as possible to move the balance in the direction of recovery.

It is necessary::

• Clean tissuesFrom an excess of damaged cells formed following an injury, an infection, autoimmune disorders (rheumatoids, etc.).It is necessaryStrengthen the lymphatic flow.
• Improve blood supplyjoint tissues, which will lead to naturalnessImprove cellular nutrition.Consequently, the process of premature death of cells will stop, the restoration of cartilage, the synovial membrane, the normalization of the composition of the synovial fluid, etc., is stimulated.
• Restore innervationfabrics.The altered conductivity of the nerve pathways of the spinal cord to the joint can sometimes be the main cause of the development of the disease.
• MaximumLoadOn the joints affected in the first manifestations of the disease, to prevent additional premature cell death.Do not wear heels, if possible to reduce the weight, do not lift the weights, do not walk and go down carefully, often alternating physical activity with complete peace during the day, etc.It is a full range of measures, which, as a rule, implies a serious change in the way of lifestyle years.

Consider various types of treatment from the first three point of view of the principles of efficiency above.

Medication therapy (medication)

In case of inflammationThe following drugs are used:

1. Hetepoid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).The main mechanism of action of these drugs is to slow down the inflammatory process and eliminate pain.Cleaning the tissues of dead cells does not occur.They reduce the patient's condition, but do not slow down the progress of the process [3].These drugs are taken practicallyfor life, if there is no intolerance.In this case, side effects often manifest: negatively affect the state of the mucosa of the stomach and intestines and their prolonged useMakes the development of gastritis, ulcers, ulcerative bleeding.Some NSAIDs negatively affect cartilage, thus causing the development of osteoarthritis [4].
2. Hormonal drugs, which are generally introduced directly into the joint in the form of injection.They are only used according to strict indications of the doctor and in extreme cases suffering from intense pain, which is not eliminated by NSAIDs.Hormonal drugs suppress immunity and, therefore, the process of eliminating dead cells from the joints is suffering.Due to treatment, the intensity of inflammation decreases, a person feels relief.There are side effects: the production of clean hormones is reduced, metabolic processes, etc., can be raped.When the joint is introduced into the joint cavity, the effects of side effects on the body, in general, are lower than when taking tablets, however, is also observed.The cause of the disease is not eliminated.
3. Cytostatic- a group of anti -tumor drugs that violate growth, development and division mechanismsAll cellsbody.In the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, they reduce the amount of antibodies that kill their own body cells.However, the formation processes of other cells, including hematopoiesis, are also raped.Fabric cleaning does not occur.

Thus, anti-inflammatory therapy only aims to eliminate the symptoms of the disease, but not to the purification or nutrition of joint tissues.Drugs are only slowing down, "freezing" the protective inflammatory process launched by the body.

The temporary elimination of pain is also dangerous because the patient ceases to "devote" the painful leg.And that exacerbates damage to cartilage and bones.Consequently, the disease inevitably returns and the pain increases only because of the occurrence of additional damage during the imaginary "lull".And soon the only method is only the joint prostheses.

Joint prostheses(Replacement of the articulation by artificial)- Complex, expensive surgery in which serious postoperative complications are possible (infection, deep venous thrombosis, inflammation of nerves, etc.).A prosthesis is an artificial device that can replace the function of a certain organ.If the prosthesis is located inside the human body, then it is called endoprothesis.The endoprothetics of the articulation is an operation to replace the joint components with implants, which have an anatomical shape of a healthy joint and allow the whole volume of movements.After such operations, the patient forgets pain in the joints and returns to working life.The center performs operations on the endoprothetics of large (knees, hip, shoulder, elbow) and small (finger joints).When an infection is attached, osteomyelitis can develop, which requires the elimination of the prosthesis and affected areas of the bones.The functionality of the prosthesis is lower than that of the real joint.During the falls and imprudent movements, dislocations, fractures of the fragments of the artificial articulation are possible, which requires a second operation.High risk of becoming a disabled wheelchair.

In an attempt to restore cartilage, the composition of the synovial fluid, the following drugs are used:

1. Chondroprotector.They are assigned to restore joint cartilage.These drugs (mainly on food supplements) are widely used.However, many studies showLack of effect even compared to placebo!

2. Hyaluronic acid- An important component of cartilage.It is an important structural component of the cartilage matrix, protects it from wear.The drug based on it can only be administered in the joint in the form of injections only after eliminating the inflammatory process.The cost of an injection depends on the concentration of the medication and the manufacturer, one way involves several injections.The introduction of this acid temporarily protects the articulation from new damage.HoweverA artificially introduced drug does not stimulate the production of its own acidTherefore, courses must be constantly repeated to maintain the effect.

In addition to drug treatment, there are additional methods:

• Laser therapy;
• Cryotherapy (cold treatment);
• heating;
• magnetotherapy;
• electromyostimulation;
• phonophoresis (ultrasound);
• Treatment with drugs containing gold, etc.

However, the effectiveness of these methods in terms of healing arthritis and osteoarthritis under a large question [5] because theyDo not guarantee the elimination of the main reasonDiseases - violations of the balance between destruction and restoration of joint tissue.

A new understanding of the advantages of physiotherapy exercises (exercise therapy)

Medical exercises, aerobic training, swimming - an effective way to prevent and treat osteoarthritis.They aim to restore the mobility of the joint and increase blood flow in this area, and can therefore stimulate the cleaning and restoration of the joint tissue.

During physical exercises, workThe muscles create the energy of biological microvibration *What is necessary for transport and metabolic processes at the cellular level.The lymphatic and blood vessels are not suitable for each body of the body, each micro-post.The cells do not have its own vehicles to move and contact each other with each other, they must "shake them", which is ensured by the contractile activity of muscle fibers, that is to say muscle work.

The muscles constantly create the energy of micrivibration (even during sleep), only power differs.The absence of microvibration indicates the death of a person.The level of microvibration, sufficient for nutrition and cleaning all tissues, including joints, only occursWith physical muscle tension.

This is why exercise therapy is recommended in the treatment of osteoarthritis and has a healing effect.

Unfortunately,Medical physical education has serious restrictions::

• Exercise therapy can only be carried out after the elimination of inflammation during remission;
• Exercises are not recommended for intense pain;
• Old age people have an entire bouquet of diseases or a serious joint degradation which no longer allows exercise;
• Peoplewith a big weightThey can only be done by a limited quantity of physical exercises (in the lying position, seated) to restore the hip and knee joints, because during walking and similar loads, the joints experience an overload and continue to collapse;
• Exercise therapy will be effective in frequent regular classes, when classes alternate with rest periods for the joint.As a rule, people are forced to go to work, have a number of family responsibilities that do not allow them to devote themselves completely (for a long time) only exercise therapy with periods of rest.
• The treatment of the exercise can be ineffective if osteoarthritis was a consequence of physical overload and dystrophic changes in tissues in the joint.Muscle cells are already exhausted and an additional charge can lead to their death.
• Exercise therapy does not solve the problem of restoring the conductivity of nervous paths, that is to say in the presence of LFK spine diseases, it will be ineffective, because the nerve pulses will affect the joint zone badly.

Thus, the therapy for exercise is an effective treatment of osteoarthritis (but not arthritis) not too old with an unsuccessful stage of the disease in the absence of other aggravating diseases.

Cleaning and restoration of joint fabrics using phonation

However, there is a way to get out of the situation!The energy of biological microvibration can be obtained from the outside using a vibro-acoustic treatment (phonation).

The foundation consists in transmitting a sound microvibration (frequency range of 30 to 20,000 Hz) in the body of a person or an animal using a special compact medical device.These sound microvibrations are natural for the body: in their physical characteristics, they are similar to these biological microvibrations which create muscle tissue with maximum static physical stress.

Thus, telephoning, applicable at home, is this direct alternative to physical exercises.At the same time, the effect of such therapy is higher, because it is an external "clean" resource compared to the body and does not require its muscle costs.The energy of microvibration is punctual directed, towards the area of the affected joint, up to a depth of 10 cm.Due to the external source, muscle tissue exhausted during the period of hypodynamia, physical overload, stress, hypothermia, to restore their contractile activity, and therefore the necessary level of micrivibration (micristan).

Despite its simplicity of exposure, phonage has many therapeutic effects:

• Improves the lymphatic flow in the field of exposure and, therefore, helps clean the tissues and the early completion of the inflammatory process.ThisA single propertyThe physiotherapy method, which is inaccessible to drug treatment.For the moment, no medication can directly affect the lymphatic flow.
• improves blood circulation and, therefore, the nutrition of each cell;
• promotes joint lubrication;
• Contribute to the release of the deposit of stem cells - the ancestors of all the functional cells of the body, including joint tissue cells;
• Improves the conductivity of the nerve routes with prolonged effects on the problematic zone of the spine.

In this case, phonage has no side effects, but has a long effect of lasting.

The effectiveness of phonage (vibro-acoustic therapy) in the treatment of joints has been proven by numerous studies.

Scientifically proven efficiency in the treatment of arthritis and osteoarthritis reaches 70 to 90% depending on the study.