Osteochondrosis of the spine is a disease caused by the destruction of bone and cartilaginous tissues of the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine.First of all, with the progression of the disease, the central part of the vertebral disc is modified - the jet nucleus if called so. For this reason, the vertebra loses some of its properties absorbing shocks, and refinement and cracks are formed on the fibrous ring along the periphery of the disc.An additional progression of osteochondrosis of the spine causes complications of the disease - the projection of the discs or ruptures of a fibrous ring and an intervertebral hernia, consequently. The instability of the spine in the affected area causes pain and limited mobility of the head in osteochondrosis of the cervical column, as well as a limited mobility of the body with the osteochondrosis of the chest spine and the lumbar.In 75% of cases, it is precisely osteochondrosis of the spine which is the cause of back pain. With age, the risk of spinal tissue dystrophy increases significantly, therefore, on average, the symptoms of osteochondosis of the spine are observed in each second living in the planet over 30 years old.
The causes of osteochondrosis of the spineProvocative factors in the development of osteochondrosis of the spine are considered to be back injuries or a systematic load on the back with hard physical work or professional employment in vibration conditions. If you need to do a lot of loading and unloading work, buy a hydraulic collection for your car.The early manifestation of the symptoms of osteochondrosis of the spine is caused by low physical development, flat feet or excess weight. There is also a genetic predisposition to the loose structure of the intervertebral discs and anomalies of the structure of the spine. Intensive training at the gymnasium in violation of the rules for distributing the load on the back, a sedentary lifestyle and poor nutrition are also unfavorable in terms of health of the spine.
Symptoms of osteochondrosis of the spineThe disease manifests itself as a number of typical symptoms. Osteochondosis of the spine is characteristic: painful pain in the back, feeling of numbness in the affected spine, a decrease in the amplitude of movements, increased pain in severity, net movement, tension during cough or sneezing.Chronic pain, as one of the symptoms of osteochondrosis of the spine, causes an increase in fatigue. When you compress the nerve roots of the spine with the spine, the pain can be more intense and is clear. Its location in this case is not limited to the back zone, but is felt by a person in the member area.
Steps of osteochondrosis of the spineThe stage of the disease depends on the severity of the symptoms of osteochondosis of the spine. At the first stage of osteochondrosis of the spine, pain is practically not felt, if only light discomfort and the low stability of the spine for injuries. The destruction of the fibrous ring, a decrease in the size of the vertebral cracks and the pain of various intensities is a symptom of osteochondrosis in the second stage of the spine. The third stage of the disease is characterized by significant deformations of bone and vertebral tissue until the appearance of intervertebral hernies. The symptom of osteochondrosis of the spine of the most severe fourth stage is mass bone growth, limited mobility, intense pain, as well as complete or partial paralysis of the limbs caused by the compression of nerve roots.
Symptoms of cervical column osteochondrosisOsteochondrosis of the cervical column often causes blood circulation disorders due to the compression of the arteries. This leads to intense headaches, dizziness and fainting. With osteochondrosis of the cervical column, the vertebral artery syndrome is sometimes observed. It is characterized by a feeling of noise in the head, the image of "flies" or colored spots in front of the eyes. With osteochondrosis of the cervical column, peripheral pain in the shoulders or hands are also possible.
Symptoms of osteochondrosis of the thoracic spineOsteochondrosis of the thoracic spine can worsen the course of various cardiac pathologies. The disease causes the progression of inter -routing neuralgia (pressing the nerves intercused). With osteochondrosis of the chest spine, pain in the chest and the sensation of "stake" in the center of the chest are observed.
Symptoms of osteochondrosis of the lumbar columnOsteochondrosis of the lumbar column leads to the development of the following diseases: Lumbago and Hernie.The Ishias, as one of the complications of osteochondrosis of the lumbar column, are characterized by damage to the sciatic nerve, pain in the glued region, hypotension (reduced tone) of the muscles of the calf and the buttocks.With a symptom of lumbago of osteochondrosis of the lumbar column, there is a strong pain in the lower back, caused by a displacement of the vertebrae or a loss of the vertebral disc.Lumbar radiculitis, another complication of osteochondrosis of the lumbar column, is caused by hernias of the lowest discs of the spine. It is accompanied by pain in the buttocks with irradiation at the back of the thigh, a hole under the knee, a lower leg and a foot.
Diagnosis of spine osteochondrosisThe preliminary diagnosis of "osteochondrosis of the spine" is established by the neurologist after the initial examination in relation to the patient's complaints concerning back pain and limited mobility. The osteochondrosis stage of the spine is determined as a function of the degree of deformation of the spine, the patient posture and the number of assigned disks.All the above symptoms of osteochondrosis of the spine are diagnosed by feeling the patient's back. The doctor also pays attention to the state of the muscle tone. Because in most cases, the disease is accompanied by hypertonicity of the back muscles.Using tests to fold the spine, the amplitude of the patient's movements is determined. Thanks to the use of radiography, CT and MRI, the diagnosis is specified and has determined the future tactics of the treatment of osteochondosis of the spine.
Treatment of spine osteochondrosisIn the treatment of osteochondrosis of the spine, conservative and surgical methods are used. The purpose of the two is to eliminate pain syndrome and prevent additional progression from vertebral deformation.At the same time, surgical treatment of vertebral osteochondosis is only used if the conservative treatment of the disease is ineffective.The active step in the application of conservative methods lasts on average 2 months. At the beginning, a short -term increase in pain syndrome caused by the body's reaction to drugs, physiotherapy exercises (exercise therapy) and physiotherapy. In the conservative treatment of osteochondrosis of the spine, massage, manual therapy, extract and reflexology are also used. The effectiveness of the treatment of osteochondrosis of the spine depends on the systematic nature of the procedures and the perseverance of the patient itself in the execution of the exercise therapy complexes.Surgical treatment of vertebral osteochondosis is carried out with an herniated of intervertebral records, which has long ago exceeded 6 months. The indication of the operation is also a reduction in the gap between the vertebrae 1/3 of the initial size and the compression of the roots of the spinal cord.The main method in the surgical treatment of osteochondosis of the spine is the disc, that is to say the removal of a deformed disc. The operation can be not very invasive using endoscopic tools using the microdissectomy method, the B-Twin system, as well as the laser vaporization of the core of a deformed disc.After surgical treatment of osteochondrosis of the spine, a period of rehabilitation is expected for 6 months. During this, the patient is directed towards a treatment to the subject of a sanatorium to undergo a course in physiotherapy, manual therapy, acupuncture, etc.
